Explanation

āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ“ āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āĻšā§‡āϰ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ “had come” āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϝ⧁āĻ—āϞāχ āϝāĻĨāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨ:

“He said that he-----the previous day.”

ā§§. āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āĻšā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāĻ•āĻžāϞ:
- āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ “the previous day” āχāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ• āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤāĻ•āĻžāϞāĨ¤ āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āϏ⧇āχ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāϰāĻ“ āφāϗ⧇āϰ āϘāϟāύāĻžāϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āϗ⧇āϞ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āχāĻ‚āϰ⧇āϜāĻŋāϤ⧇ Past Perfect āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāĨ¤
- āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž, āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϘāϟāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϞ⧇āĻ“, āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϏ⧇āϟāĻŋ āĻĢāĻŋāϰ⧇ āĻŦāϞāĻž āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āϰ (reported time) āφāϰ⧋ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻšā§Ÿ, āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ Past Perfect āĻšāϞ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āϟāĻžāχāĻŽ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĨ¤

⧍. āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ⧇āώāĻŖ:
- “has come” (Present Perfect) āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϞ⧇ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϏ⧂āϚāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžā§Ÿ; āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϏ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āύ⧟ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āϤ⧋ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤
- “came” (Simple Past) āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤāĻ•āĻžāϞ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ “the previous day” āχāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ; āϤāĻžāχ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ Simple Past āϝāĻĨ⧇āĻˇā§āϟ āύ⧟āĨ¤
- “arrived” (Simple Past of arrive) āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤāĻ•āĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āϤāĻŦ⧇ Past Perfect-āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āĻŽā§‡āϟāĻžā§Ÿ āύāĻžāĨ¤
- “had come” (Past Perfect) āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āĻšā§‡ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āϘāĻŸā§‡ āϝāĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāϰ⧋ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϘāϟāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāχāϞ⧇ ā¤¯ā¤šāĨ€ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻĻāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĨ¤

ā§Š. āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ:
- āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇: “I had come here yesterday.”
- āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āϚ: “He said that he had come the previous day.”
- āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ ‘yesterday’→‘the previous day’ āĻ“ Simple Past→Past Perfect āϰ⧂āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤

ā§Ē. āϏāĻžāϰāĻžāĻ‚āĻļ:
- āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āĻšā§‡ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āϧāĻžāĻĒ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĻž āĻŦāĻĻāϞāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
- “the previous day” āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝāϟāĻŋ āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻ“ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ—āϰāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāĻ–āĻŖā§āĻĄāĨ¤
- āĻ…āϤāĻāĻŦ, “had come” āĻšāϞ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϘāϟāĻŋāϤ āϘāϟāύāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞ⧇ āϧāϰ⧇āĨ¤

āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇, āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝāϟāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϰ⧇āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āĻšā§‡āϰ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĻž āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϤ⧇ Past Perfect āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ “had come” āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϟāĻžāχ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤